Ep 15. Anatomy of a Flare

Agency is crucial as a chronic pain patient - especially when you feel most helpless and scared with pain at its worst. Flares are always difficult to navigate, but they don't have to make you feel so helpless and reactive. What are the phases of a flare, and how can you manage each one? This episode is a critical resource to learn how to identify and sooner recognize your own flare patterns so you end up in 'the hole' less, and can navigate your way out more effectively when it does happen.

As a provider, how can you better explain flares and give patients a prevention strategy so they are empowered to impact all the aspects they can control, and more effectively treat the pieces you can help with when they are most vulnerable? Listen to this episode for more tools and a structure you can implement right away.

 

Anatomy of a Flare: Understanding and Managing Pain Exacerbations

In this episode of "It's not in your head," Dr. Dan Bates and Justine Feitelson (Dan and Juz) delve into the crucial topic of flare management for chronic pain sufferers. Building on their previous discussion about goal setting, they explore the challenging moments when pain intensifies and self-care becomes difficult.

What is a Flare?

A flare is a period of increased pain and decreased functionality that can occur in chronic pain conditions. It's characterized by:

  • Gradual pain increase, often due to increased sedentary behavior

  • Weakness leading to potential injury or increased sensitivity

  • Amplification of anxiety and fear

  • Normal but potentially problematic catastrophizing

The Anatomy of a Flare

Flares typically follow a pattern:

  1. Trigger/Stressor: This can be stress, mood changes, weakness, injury, or pacing issues.

  2. Initial Phase: Deconditioning begins to set in.

  3. Worsening Pain/Decrease in Self-Care: Pain intensifies, and self-care routines start to slip.

  4. The Hole: Increased fatigue, dysautonomia, and emotional distress.

  5. Digging Out: Reaching out for help and taking initial steps to regain discipline and self-care.

Impact of Stress on Flares

Stress plays a significant role in flare-ups:

  • Reduces capacity and narrows the window of tolerance

  • Decreases bandwidth for self-care and communication

  • Impairs executive functioning

  • Leads to overwhelm and avoidance

  • Can result in isolation and increased sadness

Managing a Flare

Immediate Crisis Management

  • Prioritize survival and emotional support

  • Address fatigue and focus on low-barrier recovery activities

  • Reach out for social support (SOS communication)

  • Redirect resources back to self-care

Long-Term Management

  • Return to movement (Return to play)

  • Organize schedule and pacing

  • Implement stress management techniques (e.g., downregulation, mindfulness)

  • Make informed choices about interventions

  • Focus on low-hanging fruit for biggest impact

Recognizing When to Reach Out

Key indicators that it's time to seek help:

  • Increasing pain levels

  • Decreasing mood or increasing anxiety/stress

  • Diminishing capacity and increasing fatigue

  • Decline in self-care and movement routines

  • Occurrence of injury or further pain escalation

Takeaways for Listeners

  • Reflect on your personal pain cycle and identify your flare patterns

  • Understand how you "fall in" and how you "dig out"

  • For patients: Label your flare phases and develop strategies for each

  • For physicians: Recognize crisis presentations and develop appropriate responses

Future Considerations

The hosts suggest future discussions on:

  • Developing better pain measurement tools beyond the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)

  • Investigating sensitizers in various domains (emotional, physical, biological)

  • Exploring inflammatory disorders and immune system involvement in chronic pain

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Ep. 16 How to Draw Your Pain

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Ep 14. Goal Setting